What is the purpose of a thermostatic expansion valve in a refrigeration system?

The thermostatic expansion valve plays a crucial role in a refrigeration system by regulating the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator. This regulation is essential because it ensures that the right amount of refrigerant is supplied based on the cooling demand of the system.

When the evaporator requires more cooling, the valve opens to allow additional refrigerant to flow in, which facilitates more efficient heat absorption from the surroundings. Conversely, if less cooling is needed, the valve reduces the flow, preventing the evaporator from being flooded with refrigerant. This selective flow control contributes to maintaining optimal system performance and enhances energy efficiency by preventing compressor strain and potential freezing issues in the evaporator.

The other options do not align with the primary function of the thermostatic expansion valve, as it is not responsible for increasing refrigerant pressure, condensing it, or storing excess refrigerant.