What is the primary function of an accumulator in a refrigeration system?

The primary function of an accumulator in a refrigeration system is to store excess refrigerant. This component is especially crucial when dealing with refrigerants that can vaporize in the evaporator section. The accumulator allows for the collection and storage of any excess refrigerant that may not have been vaporized by the evaporator, thereby preventing liquid refrigerant from returning to the compressor. This process helps protect the compressor from potential damage caused by liquid refrigerant, ensuring that only vapor reaches the compressor for efficient operation.

While heat exchange, maintaining system pressure, and filtering refrigerant impurities are essential functions in different components of a refrigeration system, the accumulator's distinct role is about managing the refrigerant flow and preventing liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor. This is vital for maintaining the efficiency and longevity of the refrigeration system.