What is the main effect observed when latent heat is absorbed or released?

When latent heat is absorbed or released, the primary outcome is a phase change. This process occurs during changes such as melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. For example, when ice absorbs latent heat, it transitions from a solid to a liquid state without a change in temperature until it is completely melted. Conversely, when water vapor condenses into liquid water, it releases latent heat, also without a temperature change until the phase is fully transitioned.

Although temperature may eventually change following the phase change as energy continues to be added or removed, it is the phase change that is directly associated with the absorption or release of latent heat. This distinction is crucial for understanding various applications in refrigeration, where effective heat transfer during phase transitions underpins how systems manage temperature control and energy efficiency.