What function does a suction accumulator serve in a refrigeration system?

A suction accumulator's primary function is to store excess refrigerant vapor before it enters the compressor. This is crucial because it helps prevent liquid refrigerant from flooding the compressor, which can lead to damage and inefficient operation. By ensuring that only vapor refrigerant is sent to the compressor, the suction accumulator enhances the reliability and longevity of the compressor, allowing it to operate more effectively under varying load conditions.

In addition to holding excess vapor, the suction accumulator can also help with pressure regulation within the system, ensuring that the compressor has a consistent supply of vapor. This is essential for maintaining the proper functioning of the refrigeration cycle, as any interruption in the vapor supply can adversely impact cooling performance.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary role of a suction accumulator. Measuring the total refrigerant charge involves other tools like gauges, cooling refrigerant before compression is more associated with other components like heat exchangers, and removing moisture relates to filter driers, not accumulators.